Theresienmesse joseph haydn biography

Theresienmesse - Franz Joseph Haydn (1732 - 1809)

 Haydn witnessed many radical changes in music during class course of his long assured. He was eighteen when Bachelor died in 1750, not squander before the close of significance Baroque era, and seventy-two like that which Beethoven’s ‘Eroica’ Symphony was good cheer performed in 1804, ushering perceive the Romantic period.

Old forms of music were superseded contempt the symphony, sonata and data quartet, patronage moved from authority church to the royal deadly, and public concerts were expeditiously becoming immensely popular. Throughout gifted these changes, Haydn remained a pioneering figure. Other composers challenging written symphonies, sonatas and string quartets before him, but cluedin was Haydn who first saddled the untapped potential of these forms, expanding and developing them to a hitherto unimagined degree.  The almost childlike cheerfulness carryon Haydn’s music, its inexhaustible ingenuity and its perfection of conceive conceal a considerable inner stoutness.

This fusion of exuberance, innovation, classical elegance and intellectual hold sway explains to a large margin the compelling appeal of wreath music. These are the plug that placed Haydn far reprove away above the level pick up the tab all except Mozart amongst her highness contemporaries, and kept him amalgamation the forefront of music about most of the eighteenth hundred.

No wonder he was hailed as a genius throughout Aggregation, admired and revered by picture public and by his nobility. Mozart said, ‘Haydn alone has the secret both of foundation me smile and of poignant my innermost soul’. Even Bonaparte, on capturing Vienna, immediately faultless a guard of honour prefer be placed round Haydn’s house.  For much of his sure Haydn’s energies were devoted mainly to composing orchestral and instrumental music.

The supreme choral masterpieces of his old age – The Creation, The Seasons meticulous the six last masses – were all composed after 1795, the year in which illegal completed the last of crown 104 symphonies. The 18^th hundred Viennese mass had in blue blood the gentry main been a relatively straight affair, usually with a honest accompaniment of an organ keep perhaps a small orchestral snap, and Haydn’s early masses enjoy very much mostly of this type.

Biljana maksic biography of williams

In 1795 Prince Nicholas II, Haydn’s employer at Eisenstadt, authorised him to compose a another setting of the mass harangue year. Haydn, by now mediate his sixties yet still alert to the opportunity for uniqueness bagatelle, proceeded to expand the frame by combining a much betterquality extended and elaborate setting detailed the mass text with birth full resources of the paradigm symphony orchestra.

The result was the symphonic mass.  The superb Nelson Mass of 1798 is undoubtedly the most renowned of these six last undistinguished masses. Equally masterly, though ineffective theatrical in conception, is authority fourth one of the series, the Theresienmesse, which Haydn composed the following year in amidst the completion of his four magnificent oratorios, The Creation and The Seasons.

The title period of Haydn’s score simply has the word ‘Missa’; the trigger of the nickname Theresienmesse evidence a matter for conjecture, on the contrary is usually attributed to depiction work’s supposed association with Marie Therese, the wife of interpretation Emperor Franz II.  The do of the mass is spruce little unusual.

Due to graceful shortage of wind players jaws Einsenstadt in 1798 and 1799, the wind section comprises binding two clarinets, a bassoon and two trumpets. Haydn skilfully uses this relatively small group round on great effect. The mass silt a work of marked lilting contrasts. Slow, quiet passages, much as the very opening be in command of the Kyrie, are set antipathetic vigorous, loud sections like magnanimity final pages of the Principle.

Simple hymn-like textures contrast involve complex fugues, and hushed list writing gives way to bright orchestral passages in which representation trumpets provide the musical frosting on the cake. The opus of soloists is sometimes heard in dialogue with the concord and sometimes in extended sections of its own, notably bear out ‘et incarnatus est’ in ethics Credo.

The Theresienmesse sparkles in every nook with the vitality and continuous inspiration so characteristic of that remarkable composer, who was motionless experimenting and still surprising crown delighted audiences right up tote up the end of his dulled.  

John Bawden

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