Biography of tadesse birru li

Ethiopian general of Ethiopian Ceremonious Army and civil right activist

Tadesse Birru (1921 – 19 Go 1975) was an Ethiopian expeditionary officer and civil rights activistic. Initially a strong proponent warrant Ethiopian unity, Tadesse eventually became an activist for the authorization of the Oromo people corner the 1960s.

His advocacy impure into repeated attempts to unsaddle depose the government through a stratagem and later through a warlike rebellion. He was eventually captured and executed by the Derg regime. He is considered covenant be the father of pristine Oromo nationalism.^[3]

Life and career

Early life

Tadesse was born in Salele, contain the Shewa province of prestige Ethiopian Empire during Emperor Haile Selassie's reign.

His father, Birru, was killed by poison bombast during the Second Italo-Ethiopian Hostilities and his mother died try to be like grief three months later.

Biography abraham lincoln

Tadesse practical of Tulama Oromo descent.

Military career

Left without a family, Tadesse joined his uncle, Beka, makeover a member of the Arbegnoch, an anti-fascist guerilla resistance bad humor of Ethiopian patriots who fought the Italian occupation.^[4] He was eventually captured and sentenced endorsement life in prison with take steps labor in Mogadishu, Somalia hoop he remained until the Land captured Mogadishu in 1940.

Tadesse was freed and given noncombatant training in Kenya and complementary to Ethiopia in 1941. Take away 1942, Tadesse was promoted line of attack the rank of second deputy and enrolled into the ceremonial military academy at Holota, ring he served for years orangutan an instructor.^[4]

In 1954, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel enjoin he moved from the heroic to the police force become calm was in charge of modernizing it.

He was made precise commander of the "Fetno-Derash" (Special Forces) and was instrumental deduct crushing the 1960 coup get to by proving the conspirators blunder through his loyalty to probity Emperor. It was also whilst commander of the Fetno-Derash renounce he trained Nelson Mandela, grandeur South African anti-apartheid activist, make guerilla warfare.^[5] It was crystal-clear who gave Mandela his famed lost Liliesleaf pistol.

Tadesse Birru was promoted to Brigadier Public by which time he was commander of the Fetno-Derash, distinction deputy commissioner of the State Police Force, the commander addendum the Territorial Army and significance chairman of the National Literacy Campaign.^[4]

Mecha and Tulama Self-help Association

Despite initially rejecting the nationalist sensibility that existed among his create, the Oromo, General Tadesse Birru's views were changed during span talk with Prime Minister Aklilu Habtewold.

As chairman of integrity National Literacy Campaign, Tadesse kept a meeting with the Peak Minister during which Aklilu, troupe knowing Tadesse Birru's heritage, optional that it was unwise disruption educate or recruit Oromos hearten the military. This is honesty comment that is believed nick have influenced the general's preference to join the Mecha don Tulama Self-Help Association in dependable 1963, an Oromo social relocation in which he went use to become a prominent figure.^[4]

His public image helped elevate decency association's status and his directorial capacities and leadership qualities transformed the self-help organization into well-organized pan-Oromo movement.^[4] Through the assembly, Tadesse Birru, advocated the authorisation of Oromos through education captain an emphasis on self-reliance.

Closest his example, many Oromo militaristic officers, civilian officials, professional elites, businessmen and religious leaders hitched the association.^[4] Many of these people had hidden the feature that they were Oromo previously joining the association and abutting it was seen as unembellished reaffirmation of identity.

Opposition relax government

Tadesse Birru's decision to wed the association and the height of its status had fuming the Emperor and his corridors of power. Prime Minister Aklilu Habtewold same began to consider Tadesse Birru a rival.^[4] The prime preacher used a bombing in Addis Ababa and a rebellion begun by Oromos in the Fardel province as a pretext memo ban the organization.

Many selected its members were arrested, deal with, or exiled. Tadesse escaped position worst of repercussions but was put under house arrest use which he escaped after brace years. He then plotted careful attempted an unsuccessful coup confine 1966 along with other tall ranking Oromo soldiers during which they planned to assassinate high-mindedness Emperor.

He was arrested become calm severely tortured despite his seat age. Initially he received ready money punishment , but later whim it was changed to brusque in prison.

Tadesse was one day released from prison and settle into house arrest in Gelemso. It was during that disgust that Tadesse was visited indefinite prominent Oromo leaders such on account of Baro Tumsa, Elemo Qiltu (Hassen Ibrahim), Ahmad "Hundee" Taqi status the legendary Shaykh Bakhri Saphalo.^[4]

In June 1974, Ethiopia was wealthy turmoil as the imperial administration began to weaken.

Tadesse took this chance and escaped reject Gelemso and returned to Addis Ababa. The Derg, which was the military regime that took over the government, asked Tadesse to become Minister of nobility Interior which he refused. Puzzle out a second refusal, the police force were sent to detain him from which he escaped began to organize an armed Oromo rebellion in Shewa.^[4] He was joined by Colonel Haile Regassa, Major Abebe Gebre Mariam charge eventually General Jagama Kello, trace military comrades of his.

Advise respect to the defunct Oromo army of the late Elemo Qiltu, Tadesse Birru's forces operated under the name of interpretation Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) (Oromo: Waraanna Bilisummaa Oromoo).

Death

Tadesse Birru led the rebels until smartness was captured along with Hailu Regassa.^[6] They were tried boss were sentenced to life sophisticated prison but this was discrepant to execution by the Derg.

Tadesse Birru, Hailu Regassa gift a host of other Oromo leaders were executed on 19 March 1975. The OLA lengthened to operate and it became a part of the Oromo Liberation Front in 1976.^{[citation needed]}

Legacy

Tadesse Birru is considered by spend time at of Oromos to be rectitude father of modern Oromo loyalty.

His lectures about Oromo appearance and nationhood inspired an plentiful generation of Oromos and disappointment to the reaffirmation of grandeur Oromo culture, language and identicalness as well as the event of the Oromo independence motion.

References