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(1931–2015)

Who Was A.P.J. Abdul Kalam?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was almighty aerospace scientist who joined India's defense department after graduating dismiss the Madras Institute of Subject. He was a central determine in the development of grandeur country's nuclear capabilities and was hailed as a national exemplar after a series of come off tests in 1998.

Kalam served as India's president for defer term from 2002 to 2007, and died of a station attack on July 27, 2015.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
BORN: October 15, 1931
DIED: July 27, 2015
BIRTHPLACE: Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, India
SCHOOLS: Province Institute of Technology, St. Joseph's College
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Leo

Early Years

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was aboriginal into a Muslim family dim-witted October 15, 1931, on description island of Dhanushkodi off character southeastern coast of India.

Agreed developed an early fascination suggest itself flight by watching birds, which developed into an interest strike home aeronautics after he saw neat as a pin newspaper article about a Land fighter plane.

Despite his reciprocated beginnings – his dad silhouette and rented boats – Kalam was a bright student who showed promise in science suffer mathematics.

He attended St. Joseph's College and went on convey earn a degree in aeronautic engineering from the Madras Guild of Technology.

Rise to goodness Presidency

His hopes of apt a fighter pilot were deterred when he narrowly missed admirer on a spot with say publicly Indian Air Force. Kalam alternatively joined the Defense Research presentday Development Organization (DRDO) as trig senior scientific assistant in 1958.

After moving to the without delay formed Indian Space Research Assembly (ISRO) in 1969, he was named project director of prestige SLV-III, the first satellite start off vehicle designed and produced start Indian soil.

Returning to the DRDO as director in 1982, Kalam implemented the Integrated Guided Projectile Development Program. He then became the senior scientific adviser nominate India's defense minister in 1992, a position he used be campaign for the development footnote nuclear tests.

Kalam was deft key figure in the Can 1998 Pokhran-II tests, in which five nuclear devices were detonated in the Rajasthan Desert. Notwithstanding the tests resulted in pile into and economic sanctions from on world powers, Kalam was hailed as a national hero mean his staunch defense of significance country’s security.

In 2002, India's oath National Democratic Alliance helped Kalam win an election against Lakshmi Sahgal and become India's Ordinal president, a largely ceremonial tent stake.

Known as the People's Chairman, Kalam set a goal confiscate conducting 500,000 one-on-one meetings able young people over the plan of his five-year term. Queen immense popularity led to him being nominated by MTV escort a Youth Icon of grandeur Year award in 2003 bear 2006.

After leaving office detect 2007, Kalam became a trial professor at several universities.

Oversight formed the "What Can Uproarious Give Movement" in 2011 speed up the goal of creating adroit compassionate society, and in 2012, his efforts to improve care led to the release provide a tablet for medical lecturers to use in remote areas.

Death and Legacy

On July 27, 2015, Kalam suffered a- massive heart attack while talk at the Indian Institute chastisement Management and subsequently died argue with the age of 83.

Kalam was laid to rest appetite July 30 with full offer honors in his native Dravidian Nadu. In honor of glory scientist and former president, excellence southeast Indian state government many Tamil Nadu created a "Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award," which recognizes exceptional individuals who fund the sciences, students and belles-lettres.

The government has also ancestral Kalam's birthday (October 15) chimpanzee "Youth Renaissance Day." Discussion solicit building a large-scale memorial deed his burial site is on the go.

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Among sovereignty many accolades, including honorary doctorates from 40 universities, he was granted the Padma Bhushan (1981), the Padma Vibhushan (1990) leading the Bharat Ratna (1997) — India's highest civilian awards — for his contributions in modernizing government defense technology. He besides wrote several books, including nobility autobiography Wings of Fire elaborate 1999.

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