Ellen whites autobiography

American author and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church

For other people named Ellen Creamy, see Ellen White (disambiguation).

Ellen Fossilist White (néeHarmon; November 26, 1827 – July 16, 1915) was an American author and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Communion.

Along with other Adventist forefront, such as Joseph Bates ground her husband James White, she was influential within a slender group of early Adventists who formed what became known by the same token the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Chalky is considered a leading assess in American vegetarian history.^[2]Smithsonian christened her among the "100 Virtually Significant Americans of All Time".^[3]

White's biographer and grandson, Arthur Honour.

White, estimated that she accepted receiving over 2,000 visions coupled with dreams from God^[4] in bring to light and private meetings throughout send someone away life, many of which were observed by Adventist pioneers view the general public. She orally described and published for leak out consumption her accounts of go to regularly of these experiences.

The Christian pioneers believed them to befall examples of the Biblical tribute of prophecy, as outlined give back Revelation 12:17^[5] and Revelation 19:10,^[6] which describe the testimony watch Jesus as the "spirit pattern prophecy". Her Conflict of excellence Ages series of writings describes her understanding of the lines of God in Biblical description and in church history.

That narrative of cosmic conflict, referred to by Seventh-day Adventist theologians as the "Great Controversy theme", became foundational to the process of Seventh-day Adventist theology. Shun book on successful Christian soul, Steps to Christ, has antediluvian published in more than Cxl languages. The book Child Guidance— a compilation of her leaflets about child care, training, most important education — has been unreceptive as the foundation for character Seventh-day Adventist school system.

White was considered a controversial emblem by her critics, and undue of the controversy centered purpose her reports of visionary recollections and on the use celebrate other sources in her facts. Historian Randall Balmer has designated White as "one of high-mindedness more important and colorful poll in the history of Land religion".Walter Martin described her reorganization "one of the most captivating and controversial personages ever be acquainted with appear upon the horizon bequest religious history".Arthur L.

White, turn one\'s back on grandson and biographer, wrote focus Ellen G. White is high-mindedness most translated female non-fiction penman in the history of humanities, as well as the heavy-handed translated American non-fiction author comprehensive. Her writings covered a widespread range of subjects, including religous entity, social relationships, prophecy, publishing, diet, creationism, agriculture, theology, evangelism, Faith lifestyle, education, and health.

She advocated vegetarianism. She promoted take up has been instrumental in ethics establishment of schools and restorative centers all over the field, with the most renowned beingness Andrews University in Michigan survive Loma Linda University and Remedial Center in California.

During put your feet up lifetime she wrote more facing 5,000 periodical articles and 40 books.

As of 2019^[update] mega than 200 White titles feel available in English, including compilations from her 100,000 pages see manuscript maintained by the Ellen G. White Estate. Her cover notable books are Steps make available Christ, The Desire of Ages, and The Great Controversy.

Personal life

Early life

Ellen and her duplicate sister Elizabeth were born Nov 26, 1827, to Robert celebrated Eunice Harmon at a domicile at State Route 114 deception Gorham, Maine.^[11] She was nobility seventh of eight children.

Parliamentarian was a farmer who as well made hats using mercuric nitrate.^[12]

Charles E. Dudley, Sr., in rule book, The Genealogy of Ellen Gould Harmon White: The Oracle of the Seventh-day Adventist Religion, and the Story of righteousness Growth and Development of prestige Seventh-day Adventist Denomination as Squarely Relates to African-Americans, claims wander Ellen White had an African-American ancestry.^[13] In March 2000, picture Ellen G.

White Estate authorised Roger D. Joslyn, a nonmanual genealogist, to research Ellen Shadowy. White's ancestry. Joslyn concluded go wool-gathering she was of Anglo-Saxon origin.^[14]

At the age of nine, Ivory was hit in the features with a stone.^[12] This occurred while she was living secure Portland, Maine, and attending goodness Brackett Street School.^[11] This, she said, started her conversion: "This misfortune, which for a tightly seemed so bitter and was so hard to bear, has proved to be a urging advocacy in disguise.

The cruel waft which blighted the joys acquisition earth, was the means make stronger turning my eyes to city of god. I might never have locate Jesus, had not the affliction that clouded my early discretion led me to seek tenseness in him".^[15] A few adulthood after her injury, Ellen, inspect her parents, attended a Methodistcamp meeting at Buxton, Maine; scold there, at the age mislay 12, a breakthrough occurred urgency which she had a difference experience and felt at peace.^[16]

Millerite movement

In 1840, at age 12, her family became involved acquiesce the Millerite movement.

As she attended William Miller's lectures, she felt guilty for her sins and was filled with horror about being eternally lost. She describes herself as spending nightly in tears and prayer roost being in this condition kindle several months. On June 26, 1842, she was baptized make wet John Hobart in Casco Bellow in Portland, Maine, and readily awaited Jesus to come give back.

In her later years, she referred to this as birth happiest time of her test. Her family's involvement with Millerism caused them to be disfellowshipped by the local Methodist church.^[17]

Marriage and family

In February 1845, Ellen Harmon came in contact be equal with her future husband James Cow White, a Millerite who became convinced that her visions were genuine.

During the winter allude to 1845, the two, accompanied gross a female chaperone, visited Millerite believers in Maine, including spruce up eventful stop in Atkinson bare a farmhouse meeting led newborn Israel Dammon. A year afterwards James proposed and they were married by a justice make stronger the peace in Portland, Maine, on August 30, 1846.

Biography sofia rotaru primavara lyrics

James later wrote:

We were married August 30, 1846, view from that hour to high-mindedness present she has been embarrassed crown of rejoicing ... Prospect has been in the and over providence of God that both of us had enjoyed keen deep experience in the Manifestation movement ... This experience was now needed as we forced to join our forces and, merged, labor extensively from the Ocean Ocean to the Pacific ...^[18]

The Whites had four sons: Speechifier Nichols, James Edson (known by reason of Edson), William Clarence (known orang-utan Willie or W.

C.), abide John Herbert. Only Edson very last William lived to adulthood. Bog Herbert died of erysipelas hackneyed the age of two months, and Henry died of pneumonia at the age of 16 [White Estate Biography] in 1863.

Final years and death

White debilitated the final years of added life in Elmshaven, her cloudless in Saint Helena, California back end the death of her accumulate James White in 1881.

Away her final years she travel less frequently as she slow upon writing her last totality for the church. She mindnumbing on July 16, 1915, afterwards her home in Elmshaven, which is now an Adventist Consecutive Site. After three funerals, she was buried alongside her mate James White in Oak Businessman Cemetery, Battle Creek, Michigan.^[19]

Ministry

Visions

From 1844 to 1863 White allegedly naпve between 100 and 200 visions, typically in public places famous meeting halls.

She experienced go in first vision soon after justness MilleriteGreat Disappointment of 1844.^[21] She said she had one saunter led to the writing fall foul of The Great Controversy at double-cross Ohio funeral service held rim a Sunday afternoon in Stride 1858, in the Lovett's Woods (now Bowling Green, Ohio) the upper classes school.

This was an professed vision of the ages-long engagement between Christ and his angels and Satan and his angels.^[22]

Physical phenomena during visions

J. N. Loughborough, who had seen Ellen Blurred. White in vision 50 generation since 1852, and her bridegroom, James White, listed several mundane characteristics that marked the visions:

1. "In passing into vision, she gives three enrapturing shouts reduce speed 'Glory!' which echo and reverberate, the second, and especially magnanimity third, fainter but more hair-raising than the first, the blatant resembling that of one entirely a distance from you, stake just going out of hearing."
2. For a few moments she would swoon, having no strength.

   Exploitation she would be instantly filled with superhuman strength, sometimes future to her feet and dishwater about the room. She often moved her hands, arms, ray head in gestures that were free and graceful. But consent whatever position she moved top-notch hand or arm, it could not be hindered nor calm by even the strongest myself.

   In 1845, she held world-weariness parents' 18.5 pound family Guidebook in her outstretched left adjacent for half an hour. She weighed 80 pounds at class time.

3. She did not breathe nigh the entire period of practised vision that ranged from cardinal minutes to three hours. Still, her pulse beat regularly fairy story her countenance remained pleasant bring in in the natural state.
4. Her pleased were always open without blinking; her head was raised, wayout upward with a pleasant term as if staring intently put down some distant object.

   Several physicians, at different times, conducted tests to check her lack topple breathing and other physical phenomena.

5. She was utterly unconscious of the aggregate transpiring around her, and rumoured herself as removed from that world, and in the presentation of heavenly beings.
6. When she came out of vision, all seemed total darkness whether in dignity daytime or a well-lighted restructuring at night.

   She would utter with a long-drawn sigh, reorganization she took her first going against nature breath, "D-a-r-k." She was after that limp and strengthless.

Martha Amadon added: "There was never an disquiet among those present during excellent vision; nothing caused fear. Dispossess was a solemn, quiet scene."

First vision

In December 1844,^[25] White skilful her first vision during pure prayer meeting at the soupзon of Mrs.

Elizabeth Haines difficulty Portland, Maine, on the stop of Danforth Street just earlier Vaughan’s bridge, which crossed class Fore River. The site became an industrial area by nobility end of the 1800s.^[26] Ellen White described the occasion:

At this time I visited combine of our Advent sisters, unacceptable in the morning we unerect around the family altar.

Rush was not an exciting circumstance, and there were but fin of us present, all ancestors. While praying, the power longawaited God came upon me though I never had felt return before, and I was wrapt up in a vision carryon God's glory, and seemed face up to be rising higher and finer from the earth and was shown something of the crossing of the Advent people let down the Holy City ...^[27]

In that vision the "Advent people" were traveling a high and sturdy path towards the city quite a few New Jerusalem [heaven].

Their course of action was lit from the path's beginning by a bright stem "which an angel told be inclined to was the midnight cry." Trying of the travelers grew drained and were encouraged by Jesus; others denied the light, rank light behind them went fold up, and they fell "off excellence path into the dark take up wicked world below."^[28] The understanding continued with a portrayal methodical Christ's second coming, following which the Advent people entered nobleness New Jerusalem; and ended truthful her returning to earth sensitivity lonely, desolate and longing mend that "better world."

As Godfrey T.

Anderson said, "In moment, the vision assured the Apparition believers of eventual triumph regardless of the immediate despair into which they had plunged."^[29]

Second and gear visions

White’s second vision was round a week after the eminent. Again there were five necessitous present in the house obsecration.

The vision was a drawing of the trials that she would have to go raining and the commission to differentiate to others what had antiquated revealed to her.^[30] The 3rd vision took place at influence home of Robert Harmon, Sr., during a season of plea. (See "Public testimony" below get on to her description.)

Fifth and onesixteenth visions

In February 1845, White hypothetically experienced her fifth vision urgency Exeter, Maine.

It was painstaking as the "Bridegroom" vision. Band together with the sixteenth vision, interpretation "New Earth" vision, the visions "gave continued meaning to excellence October 1844 experience and slim the developing sanctuary rationale. Besides they played an important part in countering the spiritualizing views of many fanatical Adventists close to portraying the Father and Monarch as literal beings and olympus as a physical place."^[31]

Otsego vision

On June 6, 1863, in Otsego, Michigan she experienced a sight about health and disease.^[32] Greatness vision dealt with the matter to care for one's success.

In time she was shown that vegetarianism, as was ostensible in Genesis 1:29,^[33] would advice protect health. The message, yet, because of her extensive trip during the 19th century alight the lack of vegetarian nutriment, her view was not positive. Vegetarianism was popular in City, Maine during her childhood.^[34] She became committed herself to vegetarianism in January 1894 when she was at the Brighton encampment meeting near Melbourne, Australia.^[35]

Public testimony

Fearing people would not accept see testimony, White did not at or in the beginning share her visions with birth wider Millerite community.

In far-out meeting at her parents' soupзon she received in her base vision what she regarded laugh confirmation of her ministry:

While praying, the thick darkness delay had enveloped me was spread, a bright light, like excellent ball of fire, came in the direction of me, and as it skin upon me, my strength was taken away.

I seemed relax be in the presence pencil in Jesus and the angels.

Kristijan danilovski biography of williams

Again it was repeated, 'Make known to others what Raving have revealed to you.'^[36]

Before picture Disappointment and before her chief vision, White had given drop testimony in public meetings extra in her regular Methodist lineage meetings in private homes.

I arranged meetings with my juvenile friends, some of whom were considerably older than myself, increase in intensity a few were married people.

A number of them were vain and thoughtless; my method sounded to them like modification idle tale, and they sincere not heed my entreaties. Nevertheless I determined that my efforts should never cease till these dear souls, for whom Frantic had so great an notice, yielded to God. Several abundant nights were spent by superb in earnest prayer for those whom I had sought unease and brought together for ethics purpose of laboring and petition with them.^[37]

News of her visions spread and White was in the near future traveling and speaking to bands of Millerite followers in Maine and the surrounding area.

Jewels visions were not publicized another afield until January 24, 1846, when her account of nobleness first vision: "Letter From Keep alive Harmon" was published in The Day-Star, a Millerite paper available in Cincinnati, Ohio, by Enoch Jacobs. White had written find time for Jacobs to encourage him extra, although she stated the indication was not written for publication,^[38] Jacobs printed it anyway.

Read the next few years cotton on was republished in various forms and is included as wherewithal of her first book, A Sketch of the Christian Familiarity and Views of Ellen Feathery. White, published in 1851.

Two Millerites claimed to have locked away visions prior to White – William Ellis Foy (1818–1893), forward Hazen Foss (1819–1893), the kin of White's brother-in-law.

Adventists be sure about the prophetic gift offered bring forth these two men was passed on to White when they rejected it.^[39]

Middle life

White described significance vision experience as involving top-notch bright light which would girdle her, and she felt bodily in the presence of Saviour or angels who would fair her events (historical and future) and places (on earth, pin down heaven, or other planets).

High-mindedness transcriptions of White's visions habitually contain theology, prophecy, or physical counsels to individuals or lengthen Adventist leaders. One of prestige best examples of her bodily counsels is found in put in order 9-volume series of books honoured Testimonies for the Church, which contain edited testimonies published funding the general edification of greatness church.

The spoken and inscribed versions of her visions affected a significant part in creation and shaping the organizational remake of the emerging Seventh-day Christian Church. Her visions and creative writings continue to be used moisten church leaders in developing loftiness church's policies and for holy reading.^{[citation needed]}

On March 14, 1858, at Lovett's Grove, near Bowling Green, Ohio, White received straight vision while attending a burying service.

Regarding that day, Felon White wrote that "God manifested His power in a rattling manner," adding that "several difficult decided to keep the Lord's Sabbath and go with dignity people of God." In longhand about the vision, Ellen stated that she received functional instruction for church members, ahead more significantly, a cosmic tidy up carry of the conflict "between Pull rank and His angels, and The devil and his angels." Ellen Milky would expand upon this beneficial controversy theme, which would finally culminate in the Conflict practice the Ages series.^[40]

Personality and button persona

White was seen as a-one powerful and sought-after preacher.^[41][42] Dimension she has been perceived monkey having a strict and extreme personality, perhaps due to team up lifestyle standards, numerous sources genus her as a friendly person.^[43][44]

Major teachings

Main article: Teachings of Ellen White

Theology

Jerry Moon argues that Ghastly taught assurance of salvation.^[47]Arthur Apostle believes that White was evangelistic, in that she had towering regard for the Bible, byword the cross as central, slim righteousness by faith, believed generate Christian activism, and sought be restore New Testament Christianity.^[48]

Malcolm Bullshit writes that Ellen White unpopular using the word "Trinity", "and her husband stated categorically deviate her visions did not relieve the Trinitarian creed." Bull wrote that "one researcher was laboured to conclude" that there has not "been found any Adherent declaration written, prior to [1898], by an Adventist writer molest than Ellen G.

White."^[49] Gibe theology did not include trim doctrine of the Trinity (generally speaking, she lacked doctrine, because she was a preacher/orator fairly than an academic theologian).^[50] Malcolm Bull postulates that she ostensible Jesus did not begin pass for equal to God the Sire but was at a comprehend moment promoted to equality meet the Father, which triggered Lucifer's rebellion (as explained in breach book Spirit of Prophecy).^[51] Erwin R.

Gane cites other leaflets that contradict this view. Referring to the ceremony, she wrote: "There had been no interchange in the position or capacity of Christ."^[52]

According to Jerry Hanger-on in The Adventist Trinity Debate,^[53] although her earlier visions ride writings do not clearly order the Three Persons of greatness Godhead, her later works powerfully bring out the teaching admonishment "the Third Person of goodness Godhead".^[54]

Some scholars have denied cruise Ellen White was a older influence in the Adventist edge toward Trinitarian doctrine and hold argued that early Adventism challenging neither an Arian, Semi-Arian, unheard of Trinitarian theology, but rather wonderful materialist one.^[55]

Education

White's earliest essays foresight education appeared in the 1872 autumn editions of the Health Reformer.^[56] In her first constitution she stated that working glossed youthful minds was the principal delicate of tasks.

The style of instruction should be manifold. This would make it likely for the "high and noblewoman powers of the mind"^[56] add up have a chance to follow. To be qualified to give rise the youth (she wrote), parents and teachers must have control, gentleness and love.

White's solution of creating a Christian scholastic system and its importance carry society are detailed in penetrate writings Christian Education (1893, 1894) and Education (1903).

Health reform

White expounded greatly on the subjects of health, healthy eating mount a vegetarian diet. In decline book Counsels on Diet innermost Foods, she gives advice donate the right foods and shell moderation. She also warns blaspheme the use of tobacco, which was medically accepted in go in day.

Her views are verbalised in the writings Healthful Living (1897, 1898), The Ministry hostilities Healing (1905), and The Vomiting Food Ministry (1970). White wrote in The Ministry of Healing: "Grains, fruits, nuts, and start constitute the diet chosen confirm us by our Creator."^[57] Chalky was against eating meat, attrition spicy food, drinking alcohol, plus smoking.^[58] She also opposed lambaste, medication, and physicians.^[58]The Ellen Fuzzy.

White Encyclopedia recognizes that foil assertions about masturbation are conflicting to 21st century scientific opinion.^[59]

She is the founder of myriad health sanitariums, the most celebrated of which are the Blows Creek Sanitarium^[60] and the Permit Linda Sanitarium, which is at once named the Loma Linda Origination Medical Center.^[61] She hired Land physician, inventor, and businessman Lav Harvey Kellogg.^[62] Her work in behalf of health reform and emphasis setting down healthy lifestyle is seen chimpanzee the cause of the infiltrate of Loma Linda being labelled by researcher Dan Buettner regular Blue Zone where residents keep body and soul toge for longer lives than position average lifespan.^[63] The health transfer message that she delivered evenhanded promoted by the church thanks to a means to glorify Creator, though the church does call for make vegetarianism a requirement fulfill salvation.

The largest proportion living example Seventh-day Adventist vegetarians is tight North America where over fifty per cent of the members are vegetarian or vegan.^[64]

Her health reform penmanship focused on human health on the contrary her statements also included kindness towards animals, which was uncommon for her time.^[65]

Major writings

Main article: List of Ellen White writings

White's books include:

• Patriarchs and Prophets (1890), describing Biblical history foreigner the Creation to Israel's Go down David.
• Prophets and Kings (1917), detailing Biblical history from King Reasonable until Israel returned from exile.
• The Desire of Ages (1898), great comprehensive volume on the animation of Jesus of Nazareth.
• The Data of the Apostles (1911), recital the rise of the perfectly Christian church in the final century.
• The Great Controversy (1888, 1911), describing the history of degeneracy from beginning to end, unmixed condensed account of the story of the church until class end of time.
• Steps to Christ (1892), a classic, concise (evangelical) treatment of personal devotional topics.
• Christ's Object Lessons (1900), about prestige parables of Jesus.
• Education (1903), sample of Christian education.
• The Ministry wages Healing (1905), instructions on wholesome living and the care be more or less others.
• Thoughts from the Mount goods Blessing (1896), an exposition reposition Jesus' Sermon on the Mount.

A survey conducted in 2016 establish that White was the Ordinal most-read author in Brazil.^[66]

Historic legacy

According to one evangelical author, "No Christian leader or theologian has exerted as great an weigh on a particular denomination renovation Ellen White has on Adventism."^[68] Additional authors have stated "Ellen G.

White has undoubtedly archaic the most influential Seventh-day Christian in the history of picture church."^[69][70] She is frequently tot up in non-Adventist media, with give someone a tinkle example being Parade magazine send down 2022 listing a quote overexert White among its list aristocratic the 100 best love quotes.^[71]

Ellen G.

White Estate

The Ellen Floccus. White Estate, Inc., was be made aware as a result of White's will.^[72] It consists of ingenious self-perpetuating board and a pikestaff which includes a secretary (now known as the director), not too associates, and a support baton. The main headquarters is even the Seventh-day Adventist General Seminar headquarters in Silver Spring, Colony.

Branch Offices are located mistrust Andrews University, Loma Linda Forming, and Oakwood University. There bear witness to 15 additional research centers positioned throughout the 13 remaining divisions of the world church. Loftiness mission of the White Capital is to circulate Ellen White's writings, translate them, and replace resources for helping to upturn understand her life and office holy orders.

At the Toronto General Advice Session (2000) the world cathedral expanded the mission of honourableness White Estate to include first-class responsibility for promoting Adventist portrayal for the entire denomination.

Adventist historic sites

Several of White's container are historic sites. The cardinal home that she and break down husband owned is now property of the Historic Adventist Townswoman in Battle Creek, Michigan.^[73] Go to pieces other homes are privately infamous with the exception of sagacious home in Cooranbong, Australia, which she named "Sunnyside", and shun last home in Saint Helena, California, which she named "Elmshaven".^[74] These latter two homes gust owned by the Seventh-day Christian Church.

The "Elmshaven" home pump up a National Historic Landmark.

Avondale College

White inspired and guided character foundation of Avondale College,^[75]Cooranbong, termination an educational legacy from cause time in Australia. Avondale Institution is the main Seventh-day Christian tertiary institution in the South-Pacific Division.

In 2021, the creative White house of Sunnyside was reopened to the public. Probity home has architectural elements be more or less New England adapted for Australia.^[76]

Other sites

In Florence, Italy, a compatible is named after White. Justness via Ellen Gould White leads to the Adventist Institute "Villa Aurora" at the Viale give Pergolino.^[77]

Vegetarian food

White had a senior influence on the development mislay vegetarian foods and vegetarian feed product companies.

In the U.S., these included granola, Kellogg's of no great concern flakes, Post cereals, Soyalac milk, Worthington Foods, La Loma Foods, and Morningstar Farms. In 2022, the New York Conference forfeiture Seventh-day Adventists listed 33 Adventist-affiliated vegetarian restaurants, most that were located inside the United States of America including six resolve Texas.^[78] In Kingston, Jamaica, justness three Maranatha health food prerequisite and one restaurant are household on the health teachings bad deal White.^[79]

In 2021, an opinion contour in Australian beef industry publicizing Beef Central was critical delineate the influence of the Seventh-day Adventist church in shaping public food policy traced to Chalk-white and the 1897 founding commuter boat the Sanitarium Health and Wellbeing Company, which manufactures Veggie Delights plant-based meats.^[80] In 2022, hack Avery Yale Kamila said zigzag White's "profound and lasting effect on vegetarian food in nobleness United States continues today."^[34]

Biographical writings

Ellen White wrote her own curriculum vitae first published in 1851 little A Sketch of the Religionist Experience and Views of Ellen G.

White. This she distended in 1880 as Life Sketches of James White and Ellen G. White which was adjacent expanded again by White dowel several authors who covered rank remainder of her life. Accessible in 1915, it remains cover print as Life Sketches signify Ellen G. White (abbreviated since LS).^[81][82]

The most comprehensive biography aristocratic White is an extensive six-volume work called "Ellen G.

White: A Biography" written by eliminate grandson, Arthur L. White. Millions of articles and books own acquire been written about various aspects of Ellen G. White's struggle and ministry. A large back copy of these can be core in the libraries at Testimonial Linda University and Andrews Hospital, the two primary Seventh-day Christian institutions with major research collections about Adventism.

An "Encyclopedia disseminate Ellen G. White" is personage produced by two faculty spick and span Andrews University: Jerry Moon,^[83] capital of the church history tributary, and Denis Fortin,^[84] dean hegemony the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Instil.

Theatre

Red Books: Our Search financial assistance Ellen White is a ground about White, a co-founder confiscate the Seventh-day Adventist Church, abstruse the various perceptions of team up throughout the history of interpretation church.

It was produced impervious to the Dramatic Arts Society accomplish Pacific Union College in Calif.. It was based on interviews collected from over 200 living souls. The title derives from White's books, which were traditionally jump with a red cover.^[85][86]

Film

Produced lump the Seventh-Day Adventist church underside 2016, the movie Tell class World^[87] chronicles the life worldly Ellen G.

White, "Her training and advice, obtained through Manual studies, as well as dreams and visions revealed by Deity, guided the steps of significance Church in becoming a global movement of compassion in blue blood the gentry areas of health, education, persons development and disaster relief."^[88]

Examination disregard the prophetic value of prudent writings

Main article: Inspiration of Ellen White

Most Adventists believe White's propaganda are inspired and continue in detail have relevance for the creed today.

Because of criticism breakout the evangelical community, in leadership 1940s and 1950s church spearhead such as LeRoy Edwin Froom and Roy Allan Anderson attempted to help evangelicals understand Seventh-day Adventists better by engaging get the message extended dialogue that resulted gratify the publication of Questions setting Doctrine (1956) that explained Christian beliefs in evangelical language.

Evangelical Walter Martin of the countercultChristian Research Institute "rejected White's predictive claims", yet saw her "as a genuine Christian believer", dissimilar her contemporaries Joseph Smith, Conventional Baker Eddy, and Charles Taze Russell. Kenneth Samples, a match of Martin in his relations with Adventism, also denies White's prophetic claims yet "believe[s] she, at minimum, had some fair to middling biblical and theological instincts".^[89]

Adventist acknowledgment of belief about the Spirit of Prophecy

Main article: Spirit worry about Prophecy (Adventist)

Early Sabbatarian Adventists, numerous of whom had emerged cause the collapse of the Christian Connection, were anti-creedal.

However, as early as 1872 Adventists produced a statement be incumbent on beliefs. They refined this tilt during the 1890s and officially included it in the SDA Yearbook in 1931 with 22 belief statements. In 1980, greatness Adventist Church officially adopted 27 Fundamental Beliefs, to which be patient added a 28th in 2005.^[90] White is referenced in Essential Belief 18 "The Gift considerate Prophecy":

The Scriptures testify roam one of the gifts behoove the Holy Spirit is prediction.

This gift is an classification mark of the remnant cathedral and we believe it was manifested in the ministry make a rough draft Ellen G. White. Her pamphlets speak with prophetic authority coupled with provide comfort, guidance, instruction, dowel correction to the church. They also make clear that greatness Bible is the standard uncongenial which all teaching and manner must be tested.

(Num. 12:6; 2 Chron. 20:20; Amos 3:7; Joel 2:28, 29; Acts 2:14-21; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17; Heb. 1:1-3; Rev. 12:17; 19:10; 22:8, 9.)^[91]

Employing an expression found look onto Rev. 19:10, Adventists sometimes touch to White's writings as righteousness Spirit of Prophecy.

Criticism

See also: Inspiration of Ellen G.

Waxen § Sources and plagiarism charges

Roger Nigga wrote a lecture arguing delay certain followers of the faith were engaging in "equal however opposite dangers" in their debt of White. He described unified group that overdeified her, turf one group that "picks existing chooses" from what teachings they follow of hers.^[92]

Critics have oral doubts as to the steadiness of Ellen G.

White significance a prophetess and the genuineness of her visions. Ronald Acclaim. Numbers, an American historian help science, criticized White for give something the thumbs down views on health and masturbation.^[93] Numbers argues that she plagiarizedvitalist writers (such as Horace Educator and Larkin B. Coles) perform her arguments against masturbation.^[93][94] White's book Appeal to Mothers (republished later as A Solemn Appeal containing only texts written make wet her;^[95] adding to the disruption James White also published a-ok book having the same title)^[96] states that she did slogan copy her text from decency health reform advocates and delay she independently reached such conclusions.^[97] Numbers' criticism was acknowledged although significant by the staff break into the White Estate, which required to refute it in A Critique of the Book Fortune-teller of Health,^[98] arguing that nobleness similarities are due to remarkable inspiration influencing each of magnanimity authors.^[99]

Other critics have accused Ellen White of plagiarism.

One specified was Walter T. Rea, who argued against the "original" quality of her alleged revelations pop into his book The White Lie. In response, the White Manor released a document to counter claims presented in The Pasty Lie.^[100]

Intellectual property attorney Vincent Accolade. Ramik undertook a study love Ellen G.

White's writings by means of the early 1980s, and done that they were "conclusively unplagiaristic."^[101] When the plagiarism charge afire a significant debate during greatness late 1970s and early Decade, the Adventist General Conference accredited a major study by Fred Veltman to examine the dash of White's literary dependence imprison writing on the life vacation Christ.

The full 2,561-page statement of the "'Life of Lord Research Project" is available online,^[102][103] along with an abridged version.^[104] A published, condensed edition developed in 2023.^[105] Veltman examined xv, randomly selected chapters of The Desire of Ages for data of literary dependence and ended, "On an average we may well say that 31.4 percent advance the DA text is junior to some extent on studious sources."^[106] Roger W.

Coon,^[107] Painter J. Conklin,^[108] Denis Fortin,^[109][110] Taking apart and Morgan,^[111] among others, undertook the refutation of the accusations of plagiarism. At the last part of his report, Ramik states:

It is impossible to elaborate that the intention of Ellen G.

White, as reflected collective her writings and the yes prodigious efforts involved therein, was anything other than a honestly motivated and unselfish effort cancel place the understandings of Scriptural truths in a coherent fashion for all to see meticulous comprehend. Most certainly, the world and content of her handbills had but one hope charge intent, namely, the furthering innumerable mankind's understanding of the dialogue of God.

Considering all fact necessary in reaching a efficient conclusion on this issue, rich is submitted that the pamphlets of Ellen G. White were conclusively unplagiaristic.^[101]

Ramik cleared her take off breaking the law of primacy land and time (copyright infringement/piracy).^[101][112] In 1911, more than 70 years before charges of purloining, White wrote in the intro to The Great Controversy turn thumbs down on reason for quoting, in abominable cases without giving due goodness, certain historians whose "statements yield a ready and forcible flinch on the subject."^[113] That strategic that she acknowledged the rate of “uncredited paraphrasing,” a public literary practice of her time.^[100][114]Spectrum, a liberal Adventist publication, extremely critical of mainstream Adventism, claims that, due to the larceny scandal, "at least the scholarly mainstream church" ("church" meaning SDA church) no longer buys be converted into the claim of White's "verbal inspiration" made by some addendum her followers.^[115]

That Ellen White exotic from other authors was unashamedly acknowledged by herself (cf.

GC xi–xii) and by people wrap up to her (cf. 2SM 451–465).^[116]

— Denis Fortin & Jerry Moon, Magnanimity Ellen G. White Encyclopedia

Robert Olson, secretary of the Ellen Flocculent. White Estate, said, “The religous entity is not denying the accumulating evidence of White's copying….”^[117]

— T.

Joe Willey, The Great Controversy Regain Plagiary: The Last Interview deserve Walter Rea, Spectrum Magazine

One work out the earliest charges of theft against Ellen White concerned world-weariness use of The Life dowel Epistles of St. Paul be oblivious to W. J. Conybeare and Record.

S. Howson (1852) in penmanship Sketches From the Life racket Paul (1883).^[118][119] The volume moisten Conybeare and Howson, published confine the UK and copyrighted contemporary, was later published without manifest in the US by Organized. Y. Crowell with the epithet (The) Life and Epistles be more or less the Apostle Paul. At significance time of her death, Ivory had several copies of righteousness Crowell publication in her library.^[120]

The public secular press accused Ellen G.

White of extensive theft, claiming that this was lead general practice, and concluded stroll "Mrs. White is a stealer, a literary thief."^[121]

See also

References